Artikel 4

Subject to Article 5 the following exceptions are made to the provisions of Article 3 -
(a) where only one vehicle is involved in the accident and it is registered in a State other than that where the accident occurred, the internal law of the State of registration is applicable to determine liability - towards the driver, owner or any other person having control of or an interest in the vehicle irrespective of their habitual residence,
- towards a victim who is a passenger and whose habitual residence is in a State other than that where the accident occurred,
- towards a victim who is outside the vehicle at the place of the accident and whose habitual residence is in the State of registration. Where there are two or more victims the applicable law is determined separately for each of them.
- towards the driver, owner or any other person having control of or an interest in the vehicle irrespective of their habitual residence,
- towards a victim who is a passenger and whose habitual residence is in a State other than that where the accident occurred,
- towards a victim who is outside the vehicle at the place of the accident and whose habitual residence is in the State of registration.
(b) Where two or more vehicles are involved in the accident, the provisions of (a) are applicable only if all the vehicles are registered in the same State.
(c) Where one or more persons outside the vehicle or vehicles at the place of the accident are involved in the accident and may be liable, the provisions of (a) and (b) are applicable only if all these persons have their habitual residence in the State of registration. The same is true even though these persons are also victims of the accident.