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For the purposes of the present Protocol,
1. “Convention” means the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, adopted in Geneva on 13 November 1979;
2. “EMEP” means the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe;
3. “Executive Body” means the Executive Body for the Convention constituted under article 10, paragraph 1, of the Convention;
4. “Commission” means the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe;
5. “Parties” means, unless the context otherwise requires, the Parties to the present Protocol;
6. “Geographical scope of EMEP” means the area defined in article 1, paragraph 4, of the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution on Long-term Financing of the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP), adopted in Geneva on 28 September 1984;
7. “Persistent organic pollutants” (POPs) are organic substances that: (i) possess toxic characteristics; (ii) are persistent; (iii) bioaccumulate; (iv) are prone to long-range transboundary atmospheric transport and deposition; and (v) are likely to cause significant adverse human health or environmental effects near to and distant from their sources;
8. “Substance” means a single chemical species, or a number of chemical species which form a specific group by virtue of (a) having similar properties and being emitted together into the environment; or (b) forming a mixture normally marketed as a single article;
9. “Emission” means the release of a substance from a point or diffuse source into the atmosphere;
10. “Stationary source” means any fixed building, structure, facility, installation, or equipment that emits or may emit any persistent organic pollutant directly or indirectly into the atmosphere;
11. “Major stationary source category” means any stationary source category listed in annex VIII;
12. “New stationary source” means any stationary source of which the construction or substantial modification is commenced after the expiry of 2 years from the date of entry into force for a Party of: a) the present Protocol; or
b) an amendment to the present Protocol that, with respect to a stationary source, either introduces new limit values in Part II of annex IV or introduces the category in annex VIII in which that source falls. It shall be a matter for the competent national authorities to decide whether a modification is substantial or not, taking into account such factors as the environmental benefits of the modification.
a) the present Protocol; or
b) an amendment to the present Protocol that, with respect to a stationary source, either introduces new limit values in Part II of annex IV or introduces the category in annex VIII in which that source falls.