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The Parties shall cooperate in the conduct of research into and development of effective techniques for the prevention, control and reduction of transboundary impact. To this effect, the Parties shall, on a bilateral and/or multilateral basis, taking into account research activities pursued in relevant international forums, endeavour to initiate or intensify specific research programmes, where necessary, aimed, inter alia, at:
a) Methods for the assessment of the toxicity of hazardous substances and the noxiousness of pollutants;
b) Improved knowledge on the occurrence, distribution and environmental effects of pollutants and the processes involved;
c) The development and application of environmentally sound technologies, production and consumption patterns;
d) The phasing out and/or substitution of substances likely to have transboundary impact;
e) Environmentally sound methods of disposal of hazardous substances;
f) Special methods for improving the conditions of transboundary waters;
g) The development of environmentally sound water-construction works and water-regulation techniques;
h) The physical and financial assessment of damage resulting from transboundary impact.
The results of these research programmes shall be exchanged among the Parties in accordance with article 6 of this Convention.